3.6 W compact all-fiber Pr3+-doped green laser at 521 nm

Green semiconductor lasers are still undeveloped, so high-power green have heavily relied on nonlinear frequency conversion of near-infrared lasers, precluding compact and low-cost laser systems. Here, we report the first Watt-level all-fiber CW Pr3 + -doped operating directly in spectral region, addressing aforementioned difficulties. The consists a double-clad fluoride fiber, two homemade fiber dichroic mirrors at visible wavelengths, 443-nm fiber-pigtailed pump source. Benefitting from > 10 MW / cm2 high damage intensity our designed dielectric mirror, can stably deliver 3.62-W continuous-wave power ∼ 521 nm with slope efficiency 20.9%. To best knowledge, this is largest output which one order higher than previously reported. Moreover, these designs optimized by using experiments numerical simulations. Numerical results excellent agreement experimental show that optimal gain length, mirror reflectivity, doping level should be considered to obtain efficiency. This work may pave path toward for applications biomedicine, display, underwater detection, spectroscopy.